The Basics of Growing Truffles at Home
Growing truffles is a notoriously tricky feat to accomplish, but it isn’t impossible if you know how to do it properly. The word “truffles” probably brings to mind a heart-shaped box of yummy chocolates, but that is far from the truffle we’re talking about. In all actuality, the truffle is a fungus (particularly a mushroom) that grows by attaching itself to the roots of trees. The relationship between the tree’s roots and this fungus is mutually beneficial, so don’t think of the truffle as a leech. Truffles are considered to be a delicacy; firstly because they have the unique flavor that lands somewhere between garlic and mushrooms, and secondly because they are so difficult to find since commercial growth of this fungus is not common. But, if you are bound and determined to give it a go, then read on to learn the basics about growing truffles.
The trees that provide the best hosting abilities for truffles are the hazelnut, pine, chestnut, oak, and willow trees. The more trees you plant (of the same species), the more chance you stand at being successful. You can buy tree seeds and even saplings that have been treated with a species of truffle fungus, but you cannot treat a tree that is already established—which means you will have to plant a new tree or several new trees.
The area that you choose for your trees is absolutely imperative. The trees must be allowed to grow without any interference from animals or other vegetation—especially other types of trees. An open plot of land is bed. It is also important that you understand the environmental needs of truffles. They cannot tolerate areas where the temperatures fall in extremes, be it hot or cold. The temperatures in your planting area need to be fairly regular without dropping too cold or becoming too hot.
The soil in the planting area also takes consideration. While truffles can grow in almost any quality of soil, they will grow best in soil that has relatively high levels of alkaline. If you aren’t sure about your soil, there is a test that you can do to help you figure it out. Scoop up a cup of the soil and slowly pour a bit of vinegar onto it. If it makes a hissing sound, then the soil does not have enough alkaline content. You can remedy this by gradually mixing lime into the soil.
It is very important that the planting area has very good drainage. If the soil retains too much moisture or if it allows water to pool around the roots, not only will the truffles be unable to grow but the roots of the tree will rot and die. Try to plant away from water sources such as creeks, lakes, or rivers.
You must bear in mind that many animals love truffles just as much as we humans and they will forage them out if they catch the scent. Try to choose a planting area that will be least likely to attract animals. You can also erect fencing as a means to keep larger animals out. This probably won’t be a problem until several years after planting your truffle-laced seedling, as that’s usually how long it takes for the truffles to develop. Don’t be frustrated, though. Growing truffles is not easy business, but it is very rewarding both in a financial and a culinary sense.
So, how will you know if you are successfully growing truffles? The tell-tale sign is when the ground around the roots of the tree bulges. However, as I mentioned earlier, it will likely be several years to a decade before this happens. If it’s any consolation, once you harvest your first growth of truffles, there is a good chance that the truffles will keep growing for several years after.
You should know that there is no absolute guarantee that the truffles will take—even in the most accommodating environment. Unless you have a great deal of time and money to invest in this, it’s best to start out small until you find some success in the truffle business. Best of luck!